Farmers and ranchers have been “brutalized” by unfair trade practices, President Trump said as he announced tariffs on dozens of countries April 2.

Speaking in the Rose Garden outside the White House, Trump said the U.S. would impose country-by-country tariffs that equaled 50% of the calculated value of monetary and non-monetary trade barriers erected by other countries.

The tariffs ranged from 46% on Vietnam to 10% on Brazil, United Kingdom and 19 other countries. The list of 57 countries with additional tariffs did not include Mexico and Canada.

The tariffs will make the U.S. wealthy and end decades of one-way trade barriers, Trump said.

“With today’s actions, we’re also standing up for our great farmers and ranchers who have been brutalized by nations all over the world,” he said.

Trump singled out Australia’s ban on U.S. beef, one of the numerous complaints the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association made last month to the U.S. trade representative.

The NCBA said that while Australian beef has unfettered access to the U.S., American beef has been shut out of Down Under markets for purported food-safety concerns.

“They won’t take any of our beef,” Trump said. “They don’t want it because they don’t want it to affect their farmers, and, you know what, I don’t blame them, but we’re going to do the same thing beginning midnight tonight.”

Many farm groups, full of trade grievances but also fearful of change, poured out their complaints to the U.S. trade representative leading up to what Trump named “liberation day.”

Trump touched on some of the complaints, including barriers to selling dairy products to Canada and rice to Asian countries.

In comments to trade officials, the National Milk Producers Federation and U.S. Dairy Export Council complained Canada was dumping artificially low priced dairy protein into the United States.

The American Potato Trade Alliance complained that India imposes a 35% tariff on frozen fries and the European Union imposes a 14.4% tariff. Meanwhile, the U.S. tariff is only 8%. The alliance asked Trump to pursue tariff reductions or levy reciprocal tariffs.

Tariff rates rolled out by Trump included a 35% tariff on China and 20% on the European Union. Other rates to major trading partners include a 26% tariff on India, 46% on Japan and 50% on South Korea.

The day, Trump said, “will forever be remembered as the day American industry was reborn, the day American destiny was reclaimed and the day we began to make America wealthy again.”

U.S. Sen. Ron Wyden, D-Oregon, said he will lead an effort to repeal the tariffs, a dim prospect in a Republican-led Senate.

“American families need relief from rising prices and stagnant growth, but instead Donald Trump — with buy-in from congressional Republicans — is administering economic poison to our economy,” Wyden said in a statement.

The potato industry will watch for reactions that could change the price of crop inputs, such as seed potatoes, fertilizers and tractors, Washington State Potato Commission director of government affairs Matt Harris said.

“It’s the retaliation we have to be monitoring,” he said. “It’s hard to put all that together. It’s going to take some time to figure it all out.”

Trump imposed a 25% tariff March 26 on imported passenger vehicles and auto parts. The tariffs followed through on a 2019 investigation by the Department of Commerce that concluded the national security was at risk because foreign vehicles and parts are eroding the country’s industrial base.

Farm groups have made appeals for similar protectionist measures, arguing foreign competitors are undermining U.S. food production.

“We have been seeking this for a long time for the cattle and sheep industry, and we’re very hopeful we’ll see immediate relief,” said R-CALF CEO Bill Bullard.